With the onset of summer, our eyes are exposed to a variety of risks that should be prevented in order to avoid serious injuries. Agents such as chlorine from the swimming pool, sea salt, sand, strong winds or the sun are causes that threaten the condition of our eyes. These agents can alter the health of the conjunctiva (causing conjunctivitis), the cornea (causing keratitis), the crystalline lens (altering its transparency and leading to cataracts) and the retina (burns can be irreversible and damage vision). Dr. Arturo Ruiz , head of the ICR Cornea Department, tells us what we can do to take care of them during this time of the year.
It is important that, throughout the year, but especially during the summer, we protect our eyes from the sun’s rays with hats and sunglasses with UV-approved glasses. Not all glasses are properly approved and do not have ultraviolet protection. For this reason, he highlights a series of tips to bear in mind when buying sunglasses and insists that, when in doubt, an ophthalmologist should be consulted to advise us on the best option:
Repeated exposure of the tear film layer to chlorine and other chemicals used in swimming pools could weaken it. This would leave the eye more unprotected and cause redness due to irritation of the cornea and conjunctiva, as well as other eye disorders, such as dry eye or blurred vision. Therefore, he emphasizes that it is important to follow a series of tips when going to the swimming pool:
In case of symptoms such as red eye, itching, stinging, tearing and photosensitivity, it is advisable to visit an ophthalmologist for an examination and to establish the most appropriate treatment.
If wearing contact lenses, it is very important to avoid using them in the water, whether in the sea or in the swimming pool, since in that situation the eyes are more exposed to microbial contamination, both from bacteria and viruses and from amoebae. An infection caused by amoebae can be very serious and can cause ulcerations that are difficult to heal, lead to significant visual loss and even require a corneal transplant.
The doctor also points out that one of the most important causes of infection or corneal ulcer is the improper use of contact lenses and reminds us that they are still a foreign body, which must be controlled and cared for to prevent the substances and germs with which they come into contact from causing an infection.
In addition, it should not be forgotten that the heat, the chemical substances contained in swimming pool water and sea salt often cause conjunctivitis and irritative keratitis during this time of the year, which can later become viral or bacterial when in contact with sea water or swimming pools where these pathogens may be present. These can manifest with symptoms such as reddening of the eyes, stinging, burning, foreign body sensation, hypersensitivity to light or tearing. For this reason, in the event of any symptom that concerns us, we should consult our specialist of reference or go to the ophthalmologic emergency department, since early diagnosis of a possible corneal infection can be essential to avoid permanent loss of vision.
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